{% breadcrumb_schema breadcrumbs=[ ('Home', '/'), ('Bitcoin Nodes', '/bitcoin/nodes/overview.html') ] %}
🕸️

Bitcoin Network Crawler

Global overview of all reachable Bitcoin nodes

Our Bitcoin network crawler continuously scans the peer-to-peer network to discover active full nodes. Each node validates transactions and blocks independently, contributing to Bitcoin's decentralization and security.

Total Nodes (DB) 26175
Active (24h) 11732
⏱️

Last Crawl

Status Running...
Start Time 29.12.2025 02:00
Found Peers 0
🌍

Countries

Country Count
Flag of US US 5102
Flag of DE DE 1165
Flag of FR FR 386
Flag of NL NL 289
Flag of CA CA 218
Flag of GB GB 206
Flag of RU RU 157
Flag of CH CH 154
Flag of IE IE 113
Flag of AU AU 92
Flag of ES ES 85
Flag of CZ CZ 80
Flag of KR KR 71
Flag of AT AT 67
Flag of IT IT 61
Flag of SE SE 54
Flag of PL PL 46
Flag of SG SG 43
Flag of LT LT 39
Flag of BR BR 36
Flag of UA UA 31
Flag of BG BG 30
Flag of RO RO 30
Flag of AE AE 28
Flag of PT PT 25
Flag of NO NO 25
Flag of JP JP 25
Flag of FI FI 24
Flag of BE BE 22
Flag of ZA ZA 21
Flag of CN CN 20
Flag of NZ NZ 19
Flag of TH TH 17
Flag of MX MX 16
Flag of DK DK 15
Flag of MY MY 14
Flag of SI SI 14
Flag of CY CY 13
Flag of HK HK 13
Flag of AR AR 12
Flag of HU HU 11
Flag of SK SK 11
Flag of MD MD 9
Flag of IN IN 9
Flag of IL IL 8
Flag of TW TW 8
Flag of LV LV 7
Flag of GR GR 7
Flag of LU LU 7
Flag of TR TR 7
Flag of EE EE 6
Flag of PA PA 6
Flag of IS IS 5
Flag of ID ID 5
Flag of SA SA 5
Flag of SC SC 5
Flag of CL CL 5
Flag of CW CW 4
Flag of VN VN 4
Flag of BY BY 4
Flag of GI GI 4
Flag of OM OM 3
Flag of KZ KZ 3
Flag of CR CR 3
Flag of KG KG 2
Flag of BZ BZ 2
Flag of DO DO 2
Flag of CO CO 2
Flag of MT MT 2
Flag of HR HR 2
Flag of RS RS 2
Flag of IR IR 2
Flag of DM DM 1
Flag of VE VE 1
Flag of QA QA 1
Flag of AW AW 1
Flag of LI LI 1
Flag of BO BO 1
Flag of RE RE 1
Flag of HN HN 1
Flag of KW KW 1
Flag of FO FO 1
Flag of VG VG 1
Flag of UY UY 1
Flag of GE GE 1
Flag of PR PR 1
Flag of EU EU 1
Flag of KE KE 1
Flag of BD BD 1
Flag of PK PK 1
Flag of PH PH 1
Flag of SR SR 1
Flag of AD AD 1
Flag of EC EC 1
Flag of IM IM 1
Flag of GU GU 1
Unknown 0
💾

Versions

User Agent Count
Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 2601
Satoshi:30.0.0 1471
Satoshi:27.0.0 1202
Satoshi:28.1.0 828
Satoshi:29.0.0 726
Satoshi:29.1.0 541
Satoshi:25.1.0 529
Satoshi:25.0.0 465
Satoshi:29.2.0 401
Satoshi:26.0.0 389
Satoshi:27.1.0 276
Satoshi:28.1.0/Knots:20250305 272
Satoshi:28.0.0 265
Satoshi:25.1.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node) 189
Satoshi:29.1.0/Knots:20250903 169
Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251010 162
Satoshi:22.0.0 137
Satoshi:28.1.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node) 111
Satoshi:24.0.1 104
Satoshi:23.0.0 74
Satoshi:27.2.0 59
Satoshi:30.99.0 47
Satoshi:0.20.0 45
Satoshi:0.21.1 44
Satoshi:26.2.0 35
Satoshi:28.2.0 32
Satoshi:22.0.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node) 29
Satoshi:26.1.0 25
Satoshi:0.21.0 25
Satoshi:28.3.0 20
Satoshi:0.18.0 20
Satoshi:0.20.1 18
Satoshi:29.99.0 17
Satoshi:27.1.0/Knots:20240801 16
btcwire:0.5.0/btcd:0.24.2 15
Satoshi:29.2.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node)/Knots:20251110 13
Satoshi:24.1.0 13
Satoshi:0.16.3 11
Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110+bip110-v0.1rc1/UASF-BIP110:0.1 11
Satoshi:24.0.0 10
Satoshi:28.99.0 9
Satoshi:29.0.0(RoninDojo 2.4.1) 9
Satoshi:23.1.0 9
Satoshi:25.99.0 9
Satoshi:0.18.1 8
Satoshi:25.2.0 8
Satoshi:24.2.0 7
Satoshi:0.17.1 7
Satoshi:0.19.0.1 7
Satoshi:0.19.1 7
Satoshi:30.1.0 6
Satoshi:24.99.0 6
Satoshi:29.1.0(dim-3500) 5
Satoshi:0.20.1(Omni:0.11.0) 5
Satoshi:30.0.0(@wiz) 5
Satoshi:26.1.0/Knots:20240513 5
Satoshi:26.99.0 4
Satoshi:1.0.0 4
Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110/UASF-BIP110:0.1 4
CKCoinD:29.0.0 4
Satoshi:30.0.0(@emzy) 4
Satoshi:29.2.0(1) 4
Satoshi:0.12.1(bitcore) 3
Satoshi:30.0.0(needs-coffee) 3
Satoshi:22.1.0 3
Satoshi:0.15.0.1 3
Satoshi:29.0.0(Samourai Dojo 1.27.0) 3
Satoshi:27.99.0 3
Satoshi:0.17.0.1 3
btcwire:0.5.0/btcd:0.23.2 3
btcwire:0.5.0/btcd:0.25.0 3
Satoshi:0.19.99 3
Satoshi:29.2.0(0) 3
Satoshi-BTF(BitcoinFinance)-Main-vSeventeen:0.17.1 3
Satoshi:30.0.0(Bitcoio dot org Donations bc1qkpxqj6zqqpcs25rhzt6c3kawkxfz5nrd0dlshh) 2
Satoshi:28.3.0(@emzy) 2
Satoshi:30.0.0(Blackcoin.org) 2
Satoshi:29.2.0(BIP110)/Knots:20251110 2
Satoshi:0.12.1 2
Satoshi:27.0.0(RoninDojo 2.1.4) 2
Satoshi:0.13.0 2
Satoshi:30.0.0(MiniBolt node) 2
Satoshi:0.14.1 2
Satoshi:27.1.0/Knots:20240621 2
Satoshi:29.2.0(MiniBolt node) 2
Satoshi:29.2.0(node)/Knots:20251110 2
Satoshi:29.2.0(not-your-file-server)/Knots:20251110 2
Satoshi:30.0.0(SwissCoreBTC) 2
Satoshi:0.16.0 2
Satoshi:23.99.0 2
Satoshi:30.0.0(Wanton; Jezebel) 2
Satoshi:0.17.0 2
therealbitcoin.org:0.9.99.99 2
Satoshi:28.1.0(easycryptosend.it.01) 2
Domains4Bitcoins.com:443 2
Satoshi:26.0.0(UASF-SegWit-BIP148) 2
Satoshi:29.2.0(2) 2
Satoshi:29.2.0(3) 2
Natasha:0.2.0 2
Satoshi:30.0.0(anthonyuk.com) 2
Satoshi:0.20.2 2
Satoshi:29.2.0(Barcelona Bitcoin Only community node)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:0.11.2(bitcore) 1
Satoshi:0.21.2 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(BIP110 meow miao)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:0.12.1() 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(Frenko node) 1
Satoshi:28.99.0(b1tc01n.org) 1
Satoshi:27.0.0(bitcoin.jochemkessens.nl) 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node) 1
Satoshi:22.0.0(Alcochete1) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(BitAccelerate.com)/Knots:20251010 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(MAGA) 1
Satoshi:29.0.0(@wiz) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Corea)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:29.0.0(btc.nth.io) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Erikslund-Node) 1
Satoshi:0.13.1 1
Satoshi:27.1.0(lilnancy) 1
Satoshi:29.0.0(hndypzdy) 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(node) 1
Satoshi:22.99.0 1
Satoshi:29.0.0(MiniBolt node) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Kilombino-Bitcoin-Only-Not-Multimedia)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:0.14.2 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(Official MiniBolt node) 1
Satoshi:29.0.0(RoninDojo 2.4.0) 1
Satoshi:0.15.1 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(RaMiX-sb) 1
Satoshi:23.0.0/Knots:20220529 1
Satoshi:0.15.99 1
Satoshi:27.99.0(qrypt.tech) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(orangent15923)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(VerifyDontTrust) 1
Satoshi:29.0.0(Samourai Dojo 1.28.0) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Reject CSAM. Support BIP-444.)/Knots:20251010 1
Satoshi:0.16.2(bitcore) 1
Satoshi:28.0.0(D405 House Corp.) 1
Satoshi:29.0.0(UASF-SegWit-BIP148) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Roser-Knots-unbannable)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:28.0.0(MiniBolt node) 1
Satoshi:24.0.1(sil3ntnod3) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Run Knots Save Bitcoin)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:0.16.99 1
Satoshi:28.0.0(Nodus Tyrolensis Oberettes) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(SovereignSurfer)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:30.99.0(znk) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Supports BIP444 110)/Knots:20251010 1
Satoshi:28.1.0() 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Supports BIP444)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(bitcore) 1
Satushi:22.69.0 1
bcoin:2.2.0 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(UASF-BIP444)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:0.17.2 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(bitcore2) 1
BitcoinUnlimited:1.0.3(EB16; AD12) 1
Satoshi:25.0.0(bitcore) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(Using Knots as Bitcoin Core enables possible child abuse material onchain)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:0.17.99 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(BlockchainTek)/Knots:20250305 1
Satoshi:29.1.0(dim-full) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(WindyX)/Knots:20251010 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(BTC_Is_Hijacked) 1
Satoshi:29.1.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node)/Knots:20250903 1
btcwire:0.5.0/btcd:0.23.3 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(Core 28.1. BLOCKING SPAM. BITCOIN IS FOR MONETARY USE ONLY) 1
Satoshi:29.1.0(MiniBolt)/Knots:20250903 1
Satoshi:0.18.99 1
Satoshi:29.1.0(Supports BIP444)/Knots:20250903 1
Satoshi:25.1.0/Knots:20231115 1
btcwire:0.5.0/utreexod:0.4.1 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node)/Knots:20250305 1
Satoshi:29.1.0/Knots:20250827rc4 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(HODL - Node Fund bc1q5m3a075678y9xd9ccdevhtthxvaf79dl7r5qfz) 1
Classic:1.2.0(EB3.7) 1
Satoshi:26.0.0(Delete Conbase) 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(MiniBolt node)/Knots:20250305 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(Peak)/Knots:20250305 1
FlamiSatoshi:30.99.0 1
Satoshi:0.20.1(Omni:0.12.0.1) 1
Satoshi:28.1.0(PPB)/Knots:20250305 1
jwrd.net:0.9.99.99 1
Satoshi:26.1.0(ADALINE-1) 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(0) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(31ottobre2008 node) 1
Satoshi:26.1.0/Knots:20240325 1
Satoshi:30.0.0(BINSYS-Core-Node) 1
Satoshi:29.2.0(anti-spam-solo)/Knots:20251110 1
Satoshi:0.10.0 1
🟢

Active Nodes (Last 24h)

Address Port Hostname Country ASN Name Version Height Last Seen
5nnxqabk5wo32cuinwguufnlb6o6gvbmzfcqzfqt42j7yofacpfmamyd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.0.0 929924 4 hours, 55 minutes ago
206.221.189.10 8333 test.telos.kitchen Flag of US US RELIABLESITE, US Satoshi:24.0.1 929924 4 hours, 55 minutes ago
34.75.128.167 8333 167.128.75.34.bc.googleuserco… Flag of US US GOOGLE-CLOUD-PLATFORM, US Satoshi:25.1.0 929924 4 hours, 55 minutes ago
2t55iwnvo2cdtrceapjxtrturdnwbjdfydcilhym3okvl3ibunywgdad.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:26.0.0 929925 4 hours, 55 minutes ago
174.140.231.154 8333 - Flag of US US AS29798, US Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 4 hours, 55 minutes ago
2a01:4f8:221:46d3::2 8333 - Flag of DE DE HETZNER-AS, DE Satoshi:28.0.0 929924 4 hours, 56 minutes ago
50.18.250.193 8333 ec2-50-18-250-193.us-west-1.c… Flag of US US AMAZON-02, US Satoshi:30.0.0 929924 4 hours, 56 minutes ago
198.58.115.71 8333 198-58-115-71.ip.linodeuserco… Flag of US US AKAMAI-LINODE-AP Akamai Connected Cloud, SG Satoshi:26.0.0 929924 4 hours, 56 minutes ago
pw665w5hkczwglyjrvoz6uvgi5mugib4pyjijj4c3a4lgkkxqjev7aid.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:24.0.1 929925 4 hours, 56 minutes ago
185.88.248.162 8333 - Flag of CZ CZ AB-NET, CZ Satoshi:29.0.0 929924 4 hours, 56 minutes ago
vmabpgxcirsgxiptwsv2gnsc5icpxtr2dbwwec4u32vniyeu5wcvmtqd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:30.0.0 929925 4 hours, 56 minutes ago
37.27.133.113 18333 static.113.133.27.37.clients.… Flag of DE DE HETZNER-AS, DE Satoshi:27.0.0 929924 4 hours, 56 minutes ago
gsrhko4fe73fxt4a26eny5visnxhk2slx7uhl73d2o3otsnmryie3kid.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.1.0 929925 4 hours, 56 minutes ago
cy4utydmbvspzfbz2vdlzuuxkyyzhjuumra7klk6ojiptv7y6cup75yd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:24.0.1 929925 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
fy7mxbffkmygwve3c2opk6o53fbfpizoshecikv5jyy36e6lgbdycsid.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
2gocgcskmku4qualovz7mjj3ymq6z35mnpxoovktvudr5ltxgbuejhad.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.2.0 929924 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
y5t743jjefcusxljgtkbblv4h323xuuwootfab5lkyxneul55ahj6oad.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:30.0.0 929924 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
kwpsd7fwa5qudsghv5zkcbvz4vsezkgibhmngo62j7w7qcdieqmq7uad.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:28.1.0 929925 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
ct4kcvsescftp6e6mcqcdzylbyr2z375mgqpfvoio6hdew3eh6zjlsid.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
iongnab3ls25en2ihxa75wqmiduonhbz4jsm6zf2tkyruz25nraw52qd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
hbjqnzqygl4fdkjwyaxcizzwrnwl24dtjppy3vxqqii6ilpl3ysbtlyd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
50.53.14.219 8333 static-50-53-14-219.bvtn.or.p… Flag of US US AS-WHOLESAIL, US Satoshi:25.1.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node) 929924 4 hours, 57 minutes ago
18.191.163.93 8333 ec2-18-191-163-93.us-east-2.c… Flag of US US AMAZON-02, US Satoshi:30.0.0 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
206.206.109.222 8333 - Flag of US US AS12029, US Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
172.104.249.30 8333 172-104-249-30.ip.linodeuserc… Flag of US US AKAMAI-LINODE-AP Akamai Connected Cloud, SG Satoshi:27.0.0 - 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
45.33.49.177 8333 li999-177.members.linode.com Flag of US US AKAMAI-LINODE-AP Akamai Connected Cloud, SG Satoshi:25.0.0 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
akcmraxlky5re74wpu5ohifcr27sqyk4xco4rzkdodqcxrebsikis7qd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:27.1.0 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
vkzorrik7u4vfqa2zdzsbr4c35kla2lrwst3fwryq4w6tno4lz4weeqd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:26.0.0 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
f5cnrnguiiblbglso344pqdriewfpkuzo5ke3m3p4j72x73othfoityd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:28.0.0 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
104.244.73.6 8333 full-node.domains4bitcoins.com Flag of US US PONYNET, US Domains4Bitcoins.com:443 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
125.229.24.148 8333 125-229-24-148.hinet-ip.hinet… Flag of TW TW HINET Data Communication Business Group, TW Satoshi:30.0.0 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
66.163.223.67 8333 - Flag of US US AS401199, US Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 4 hours, 58 minutes ago
w5getv3ir2dtby4turjz5p5lh6bifjmovyksdvbx5l4eudtr2hmlgbid.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:28.1.0/Knots:20250305 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
t75a5npnuz5qq5ba22zsnyvnbwxfxhnkkdqcgeqsfhgerclsmsmnazyd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:27.1.0 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
5u2e34zj27434amrypsambpqxjhozgyl7qltwqsxxde76fpummwpimyd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:28.1.0 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
7dpdb4ffz57dv2wht2xnjbqs4wke6pr7wlicilgamguxzo4da2u4koyd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:30.0.0(MAGA) 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
2e7cknhns7o5poyd36sjrnzkeupsbooqxqf4prrbivc7tb6b7mqr5nad.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.1.0/Knots:20250903 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
wcocdwz4qkr3ppht47dmlx4fa63oghtn5i3mj7264vhwmehyrak5icad.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.2.0 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
bt5xf6afgdjh7hyeb23jcnwoipz2s7dartjzcrxvlmxujbddvbrv4fid.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.2.0 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
139.162.179.252 8333 139-162-179-252.ip.linodeuser… Flag of NL NL AKAMAI-LINODE-AP Akamai Connected Cloud, SG Satoshi:27.0.0 - 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
66.114.33.49 8337 anon.metapipe.net Flag of US US POGOZONE-OA, US Satoshi:29.0.0 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
208.65.166.25 8333 rbpool8-24.shoreham.net Flag of US US SHOREHAMTEL, US Satoshi:28.1.0(FutureBit-Apollo-Node) 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
2a01:e0a:e4:e0f0::1:1 8333 - Flag of FR FR PROXAD, FR Satoshi:28.1.0 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
fzhloy2ybyvigzv2famcp4rgrdgq7t74x5efnprwdsmbvehjiuyre3qd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:27.1.0/Knots:20240801 929924 4 hours, 59 minutes ago
7bjwdnx5umef3bchtn4coz4qawx2st4752ckrmwqr27ueg45w6mouaid.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:26.0.0 929924 5 hours ago
ofrhgabiqm5i6ubtphljezqf7tyycqa3lqjv5tvge6avsrbpfwez7nyd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 5 hours ago
bfbfmkt2k6hdctznsupgxdmavando7c6hfm5vwdampj6npea2trbtcqd.onion 8333 - - - Satoshi:29.1.0 929924 5 hours ago
109.250.106.146 8333 i6DFA6A92.versanet.de Flag of DE DE VERSATEL, DE Satoshi:29.0.0 929924 5 hours ago
35.71.184.46 8333 a337781ae5f582ee7.awsglobalac… Flag of US US AMAZON-02, US Satoshi:27.0.0 929924 5 hours ago
174.140.231.253 8333 - Flag of US US AS29798, US Satoshi:29.2.0/Knots:20251110 929924 5 hours ago
📖

What is a Bitcoin Node?

Full Node vs. Light Node

A Bitcoin full node stores the complete blockchain (over 500 GB) and validates every transaction independently. Unlike light nodes (SPV), full nodes don't trust third parties – they verify everything themselves. This makes them essential for Bitcoin's trustless architecture.

Why Run a Bitcoin Node?

Running your own node gives you financial sovereignty – you verify your own transactions without trusting exchanges or third-party services. Node operators also strengthen the network's decentralization and help new nodes synchronize faster.

Network Types: IPv4, IPv6 & Tor

Bitcoin nodes communicate via different network layers. IPv4 nodes are the most common, while IPv6 adoption grows steadily. Tor (.onion) nodes provide enhanced privacy by hiding the operator's IP address, though with slightly higher latency.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many Bitcoin nodes exist worldwide?

Currently, our crawler has discovered 26175 nodes in total, of which 11732 were reachable in the last 24 hours. The actual number of nodes is likely higher, as many operate behind firewalls or NAT without accepting incoming connections.

Which Bitcoin Core version should I run?

Always use the latest stable Bitcoin Core release from bitcoincore.org. Newer versions include security patches, performance improvements, and protocol upgrades. Check our version statistics above to see the most popular versions across the network.

How often is this data updated?

Our Bitcoin network crawler runs continuously, checking node reachability every few minutes. The statistics on this page refresh every 5 minutes. Click on any node to see detailed latency and uptime history.

What hardware do I need for a Bitcoin node?

Minimum requirements: 1 TB SSD (the blockchain grows ~50-80 GB/year), 8 GB RAM, and a stable internet connection. A Raspberry Pi 5 or any low-power mini-PC works well. Initial sync takes 1-3 days depending on your hardware and bandwidth.